ESL Lesson Plan on Countable and Uncountable Nouns

The following lesson focuses on helping intermediate to upper-intermediate students solidify their knowledge of countable and uncountable nouns and their quantifiers. It also includes a number of overlooked or idiomatic expressions to help higher level students expand their knowledge of various quantifying terms used by mother tongue speakers. Noun Quantifiers Lesson   Aim: Review and solidification of countable and uncountable noun and noun quantifiers Activity: Review discussion followed by multiple choice dialogue fill-in exercise Level: Intermediate to upper-intermediate Outline: Begin review by asking students to identify the worksheet list of objects as countable or uncountable.Activate quantifier vocabulary by asking which quantifiers can be used to modify countable and uncountable nouns. At this point, it is a good idea to write the two categories on the board for students to copy.Discuss some of the more problematic quantifiers such as the difference between a few and few, a little and little. Discuss which quantifiers can be used in the question, positive and negative forms.Have students complete the multiple choice fill in dialogue in pairs or small groups.Correct worksheet as a class.As a follow-up activity asks students to write a description of their room at home listing the various items that can be found in that room. Ask students to not use exact numbers, rather to use quantifiers. Countable and Uncountable - Noun Quantifiers Identify the following objects as countable or uncountable information, rules, sheep, money, learning, rice, bottles of wine, equipment, traffic, stone, stones, talent, web sites, clothes, music, deserts, land, nations, peoples, fish, pollution, understanding, RAM, artworks, orders, food Choose the correct answers in the following dialogue CHRIS: Hi! What are you up to?PETE: Oh, Im just looking for ( A) many ( B) some ( C) any antiques at this sale.CHRIS: Have you found ( A) something ( B) anything ( C) nothing yet?PETE: Well, there seems to be ( A) a few ( B) few ( C) little things of interest. It really is a shame.CHRIS: I cant believe that. Im sure you can find ( A) a thing ( B) something ( C) anything interesting if you look in ( A) all ( B) each ( C) some stall.PETE: Youre probably right. Its just that there are ( A) a few ( B) a lot ( C) a lot of collectors and they ( A) every ( B) each ( C) all seem to be set on finding ( A) a thing ( B) anything ( C) much of value. Its so stressful competing with them!CHRIS: How ( A) many ( B) much ( C) few antique types of furniture do you think there is?PETE: Oh, Id say there must be ( A) many ( B) several ( C) much pieces. However, only ( A) a few ( B) few ( C) little are really worth ( A) the high ( B) a high ( C) high prices they are asking.CHRIS: Why dont you take a break ? Would you like to have ( A) any ( B) some ( C) little coffee?PETE: Sure, Id love to have ( A) any ( B) little ( C) one. I could use ( A) some ( B) a few ( C) a little minutes of downtime.CHRIS: Great, Lets go over there. There are ( A) a few ( B) some ( C) little seats left. Answer Key Identify the following objects as countable or uncountable information UNCOUNTABLE, rules COUNTABLE, sheep COUNTABLE, money UNCOUNTABLE, learning UNCOUNTABLE, rice UNCOUNTABLE, bottles of wine COUNTABLE, equipment UNCOUNTABLE, traffic UNCOUNTABLE, stone UNCOUNTABLE, stones COUNTABLE, talent UNCOUNTABLE,  web sites  COUNTABLE, clothes UNCOUNTABLE, music UNCOUNTABLE, deserts COUNTABLE, land UNCOUNTABLE, nations COUNTABLE, peoples COUNTABLE, fish COUNTABLE, pollution UNCOUNTABLE, understanding UNCOUNTABLE, RAM COUNTABLE,  artworks  COUNTABLE, orders COUNTABLE, food UNCOUNTABLE Choose the correct answers in the following dialogue CHRIS: Hi! What are you up to?PETE: Oh, Im just looking for  some  antiques at this sale.CHRIS: Have you found  anything  yet?PETE: Well, there  seems to be  few  things of interest. It really is a shame.CHRIS: I cant believe that. Im sure you can find  something  interesting if you look in  each  stall.PETE: Youre probably right. Its just that there are  a lot of  collectors and they  all  seem to be set on finding  anything  of value. Its so stressful competing with them!CHRIS: How  much  antique furniture do you think there is?PETE: Oh, Id say there must be  several  pieces. However, only  a few  are really worth  the high  prices they are asking.CHRIS: Why dont you take a break? Would you like to have  some  coffee?PETE: Sure, Id love to have  one. I could use  a few  minutes  of downtime.CHRIS: Great, Lets go over there. There are  a few little  seats left.

Marijuana Essay - 944 Words

Marijuana The third largest agricultural good in the nation and a ten billion-dollar industry has nothing to do with the agriculture we are use to. This good is Marijuana, an illegal drug. It is the most widely used illicit drug in America n(Gold v). In Florida alone, marijuana sales are greater than all businesses except tourism (Gold v). What is marijuana? Marijuana, a plant, known as Cannabis Sativa, labeled that by Carolus Linnaeus in 1753 (Grinspoon 1), is one of natures hardiest specimens (Abel ix). It can survive in any climatic condition possible, and flourishes like weeds do. Marijuana acts like a weed, stealing all the sunlight and nutrients around it. The soil needed for growing marijuana for its intoxicant, is dry†¦show more content†¦From smoking marijuana, an euphoric sense is produced. This os the high that draws people to smoke marijuana. They fall into a languid state, and time slows down for them. The psychoactive compound that creates this euphoric sense is delta-9- THC. Marijuanas potency varies. In the female plants flowers is the greater concentration of cannabinoids, related compounds to delta-9-THC (Abel 5). Sinsemilla, a seedless version of marijuana, that has been cultivated in recent years, has much higher concentrations of THC throughout the plant (Abel 5). The amount of THC that is present depends on the conditions the plant is raised in (Gold 261). Cannabis that is grown in temperate climates contains little delta-9-THC and a high concentration of cannabidiol. Cannabis grown in hot climates has a greater delta-9-THC concentration and barely any cannabidiol. It is these plants that are grown in the hotter climates that are cultivated for their psychoactive effects. Marijuana contains almost 30% THC; however, 50% of that is destroyed when it is burned, such as when it is smoked (Gold261). 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Shirley Jackson Essay Example For Students

Shirley Jackson Essay The Irrepressible Individual in the Works of Shirley Jackson Throughout her life, Shirley Jackson struggled with a conflict between her dogged individuality and societys requirement that she adhere to its norms and standards. Jackson saw a second level of human nature, an inner identity lurking beneath the one which outwardly conforms with societys expectations. Societys repression of her individuality haunted Jackson in her personal life and expressed itself in her writing through the opposition of two levels of reality, one magical and one mundane, but both equally real. All of the various dichotomies that make up Jacksons double-sided reality can be traced to the hidden human nature, the repressed individual she saw within each of us. From an early age, Jackson did not feel completely comfortable in the society around her. We will write a custom essay on Shirley Jackson specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now She preferred to sit in her room and write poetry rather than play with the other children in her neighborhood (Oppenheimer 16). Alone in her room, Jackson explored the magical worlds, the alter-egos which her family did not understand. I will not tolerate having these other worlds called imaginary, she insisted (Oppenheimer 21). Jackson did not satisfy her mother, a wealthy socialite who wanted her daughter to be beautiful and popular and was disturbed by her talk of other worlds. Relations between Jackson and her mother were tense throughout her life, paralleling the conflict between Jackson and the society in which she found no place for herself. I will not tolerate having these other worlds called imaginary -Shirley Jackson Jacksons mother wrote to her once that you were always a wilful child (Oppenheimer 14). This careless statement captures Jacksons stubborn assertion of her individuality, as well as her mothers disapproval. Jacksons obesity particularly troubled her mother, who suggestively sent her corsets even after she was married (Oppenheimer 14). Being overweight symbolized Jacksons rebellion against her mother and the standards of fashionable society. Her obesity demonstrates the connection Jackson made between her unique individuality and the freakish and abnormal, the grotesque and arabesque' (Sullivan n. pag.). The abnormal second reality Jackson contemplated in the seclusion of her room was to her supremely ironic. Jackson rarely ends her stories with a resolution of the plot; instead, a dramatic incident or revelation serves to illustrate the irony she sees in the world. In her most famous short story, The Lottery, Jackson takes pains to describe a village of hard-working, upstanding Americans. Each of the villagers speaks of the lottery reverently, and it is implicitly compared to such decent and American activites as the square dances, the teenage club, the Halloween program (Magic 138). Critics Cleanth Brooks and Robert Penn Warren have compared Jacksons short stories with fables or parables in which the reader identifies with the plain, seemingly ordinary characters, and learns a lesson or moral from them. Thus, when the violent reality of the lottery is exposed our discomfort is augmented by the empathy we have gained for the all-American villagers (Brooks 72-73). Jacksons use of irony in this case is so effective that the publication of The Lottery by The New Yorker in 1948 provoked an unprecedented torrent of mail from readers believing that the ritual described in the story was factual and demanding to know where it was practiced (Morning 1195). As Mary Kittredge has commented, abrupt endings which expose an abnormal reality beneath the superificial order demonstrate that the line between the cruel and the comedic is sometimes vanishingly narrow (qtd. in Votteler 249). To the cruel and the comedic may be added the magical and the ordinary, as well as true human nature and societally regimented order. Irony in Jacksons writing works together with several recurrent motifs serve to illustrate her message. Jacksons theme of double-sided human nature represents a philosophy similar to that of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and both employed similar motifs. Jackson, like Rousseau, was occupied with how society alters the natural state of man, though the two differed in that Jackson did not view natural man as inherently good, a noble savage. Both of these thinkers based much of their observations of the individual on the concept of the child as a pure and unspoiled specimen of humanity (Rousseau 1006). In fact, children and childishness appear frequently in Jacksons work as metaphors for individuals liberated from the single, ordinary reality imposed by society. The basis for the motif of children in Jacksons work may be traced to her personal life through her two works of non-fiction, Life Among the Savages and Raising Demons. These autobiographical comedies center around Jacksons children, her so-called demons, whom she cared for in a surprisingly conventional role as housewife and mother. Unlike her fiction, these texts are not ominous or morbid, but the episodes of family humor are nonetheless conveyed in the same ironic style as her fiction. Recounting her eldest sons first week of school, Jackson describes how he deceives her into believing that a fellow classmate, Charles, is acting up in class when, in the end, we learn that there is no Charles and Jacksons son, Laurie, is the real culprit. In his mischief, Laurie demonstrates his freedom from societys regulation. .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd , .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd .postImageUrl , .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd , .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd:hover , .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd:visited , .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd:active { border:0!important; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd:active , .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u991d83a56413d4502b7c8b4643526ccd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Osha Rules and Regulations Whereas Rousseau might have viewed Laurie as innocent, Jackson shows that children, who do not understand the difference between right and wrong, have not yet been indoctrinated with societys values and so express the uninhibited cruelty and abnormality of human nature. The line between the cruel and the comedic in Jacksons work is sometimes vanishingly narrow. -Mary Kittredge As samples of raw human nature, children in Jacksons work are associated with the supernatural of her other worlds. When Laurie tells his parents of a friends adventures in a haunted house down the street, they recall nostalgically the haunted houses of their own childhoods . The parents, however, must act in societys name to impose order. My husband and I found ourselves repeating the same amused platitudes about boys who went into haunted houses that our parents had used to us, Jackson says. (Magic 490). In fact, she regards her sons free spirit with more than simple parental caution; she indicates that I personally have always believed in ghosts (Magic 490), showing that for Jackson, the demons of the human spirit are not just figurative devices. The story of the haunted house exemplifies Jacksons association of magic and the supernatural with the uncorrupted individual. Like Jacksons children, the children in her short fiction must be taught the mores of their society. In The Lottery, fitting in to the village society means blindly following tradition and accepting the yearly lottery despite its horrible consequences. The children in this story are the first to gather for the ritual, piling stones as if they were playing a game without understanding why. As the villagers begin to attack the victim of the lottery, the children had stones already, and someone gave little Davy Hutchinson a few pebbles (Magic 145). Davy, the son of the victim, is apparently too young to understand that he must help kill his mother, so the adults show him what he must do (Kosenko 32). In Flower Garden, a boy who is new to the town quickly learns the racial prejudice that characterizes the society. The new boy joins his friend in eagerly shouting slurs at a black boy, creating a scene chillingly reminiscent of the children piling stones in The Lottery. Whereas her short stories present children as blank slates ready to learn to live in society, Jacksons novels explore the original, unadulterated human nature of the child. Though the age of Jacksons heroines is not always stated explicitly, the tone of the characters voices often reflects a child-like mind as well as an abnormal mental state underlying their seemingly benign appearance. Merricat Blackwood in We Have Always Lived in the Castle is a young girl and the first-person narrator who describes the world around her in the black-and-white simplicity of a child. The reader is won over by her innocence, sympathizing with Merricats fantasy-like life of seclusion from the nasty village society. The creeping realization that Merricat has murdered four members of her family produces a sharp contrast with the picture of a sweet girl victimized by a cruel society (Woodruff 152). Constance, Merricats sister who represents, as her name suggests, the saner half of Merricats psyche, is older and more susceptible to the repression of society. Merricats concern through much of the book is keeping her sister in the castle, safe from the society, represented by the village, from which they fled after their familys death. Merricats tone reveals a manic optimism about the world that characterizes the mental instability of many of Jacksons characters. Even as she and her sister sit in their burned-out and looted house at the end of the novel, Merricat reassures Constance; We are so happy, she says (214). The seeming madness of characters like Merricat symbolizes the abnormality of the individual psyche in Jacksons work. Jackson herself suffered from intermittent bouts of depression and mental illnes, causing her to drop out of college (Kittredge 3). Jacksons depression, which stemmed from her failure to fit in to society, no doubt served as the motivation and the inspiration for her treatment of insanity as an expression of individuality in her fiction. Magic and the supernatural are recurring symbols for hidden realities in Jacksons work. The doctors wife in The Haunting of Hill House uses a ouija board like the one at right to communicate with this world. Jackson herself believed in magic and had an extensive collection of books on the supernatural. Image source: The Hallowed Halls of Ouija At age thirty-something, Eleanor Vance in The Haunting of Hill House is technically older than Merricat. Yet Eleanors psychotic insecurity and childish behavior, and the fact that she has lived out most of her life caring for her mother, indicate that she is a parallel symbol for natural man. Eleanors arrival at Hill House represents an escape from the ordinariness of her existence with her family, similar to the escape of the Blackwoods or of the heroine of The Tooth who sheds her domestic identity when her inflamed tooth is extracted. During the whole underside of her life, ever since her first memory, Eleanor had been waiting for something like Hill House. Caring for her mother,. .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 , .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 .postImageUrl , .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 , .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066:hover , .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066:visited , .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066:active { border:0!important; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066:active , .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066 .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u68258c57d0d1ac7e343c5bdd4c23b066:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Administrative structure in Malaysia Essay.. Eleanor had held fast to the belief that someday something would happen.. .. Eleanor, in short, would have gone anywhere (7-8). Hill House is Eleanors fantasy and an extension of her insane mind. Eleanors stay at the house amounts to an exploration of her double-sided psyche. The line between the real supernatural apparitions of the house and the fabrications of Eleanors imagination is blurred by the biased narration, oscillating between statements by Eleanor and by an omniscient third-person narrator (Sullivan). The manic style of the narration, as in We Have Always Lived in the Castle, reflects Eleanors unstable psyche. The ghosts of Hill House may be real or may be manifestations of Eleanors madness; the ambiguity is intentional. To Shirley Jackson the supernatural and the insane are both part of a magical other world, the repressed human nature within us. As is usual in Jacksons fiction, The Haunting of Hill House is not resolved by the final plot twist. In Hill House Eleanor finally finds her inner identity, however psychotic it may be. As she decides to kill herself rather than leave the house and once more lose her identity, Eleanor says, I am really doing it, I am doing this all by myself, now, at last; this is me, I am really really really doing it by myself (245). In addition to the motifs of children and mental illness, Jackson takes from her personal life a view of domesticity and the family as institutions designed to impose conformity. The Lottery portrays a town of rigid moral sensibility in which adherence to the family and social roles assigned by society is viewed as necessary in order to prevent a breakdown of the social order. This rigidity is supported by superstition and tradition and enforced by fear. According to Peter Kosenko, it is the fear of some unlucky event, such as being selected in the lottery, which motivates the men to work for the benefit of the towns business elite and the women to remain in a position of inferiority within the family and society. The ritual of the lottery itself mirrors this social structure; the lottery is controlled by the towns leading businessmen, and women are dependent upon their husbands to choose the familys lot. Clara Spencer, the protagonist in The Tooth, escapes the repression of her family life, a repression that is represented by a toothache which has afflicted her ever since she met her husband. As Clara travels to New York City to have the tooth removed, the journey takes her farther from her home and farther from her domestic identity. A fantastic and fleeting stranger, the opposite of her down-to-earth and unromantic husband, approaches Clara in her drugged stupor, offering to take her to a utopia even farther than Samarakand (Magic 124). There, it is implied, she may forget her family obligations and live a life of self-centered pursuit of pleasure. At the end of the story, Clara runs barefoot through hot sand (Magic 136), suggesting that she has escaped to a tropical paradise of free love in place of marital rigidity and open individualism in place of ordered conformity (Pascal). Claras symbolic journey from her small town to New York exemplifies the recurrent contrast in Jacksons fiction between the repression of the village and the freedom and individuality of the city. Indeed, the contrast between city and village originates in Jacksons real life as described in Life Among the Savages. The book begins with an account of her move from New York to a small town where the villagers offer advice to newcomers on how to properly behave in order to conform to the society. The Renegade mirrors Jacksons personal experience, describing a woman who, upon moving to the country, struggles to gain acceptance by conforming to the proper role of a country woman as a housewife. She is unwilling to sacrifice her personal values, however, when the villagers demand that her dog be put down for killing some chickens. The story closes as the heroine describes feeling as though it is her life and individuality, not the dogs, which are being strangled by the repressive society. City and country, child and adult, magical and ordinary, individual and communal: all these dichotomies express Shirley Jacksons theme of a hidden reality beneath the surface of our everyday lives. The identity is all-important, Shirley Jackson once said of her beliefs in writing (Oppenheimer 14). The many levels of human nature and the several faces of reality conflicted with societys demand for conformity and order in Jacksons life, and their clash drives her work.

Moral Reasoning Exercise

Ethical Issues Raised by GlaxoSmithKline’s Decisions The main ethical issues that the decision by GlaxoSmithKline to promote and market drugs unapproved for some uses include the following. First, the decision exposed the consumers of the drugs to unknown risks. The use of any drug by humans requires prior tests to verify the efficacy and safety of the drug. Secondly, the action took advantage of people who deserved empathy. The company made profits from patients without due regard to the long-term well being of the patients.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Reasoning Exercise specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The question of whether such practices are morally permissible or unethical depends on the specific conditions surrounding the practice. For instance, if the drugs provided relief for patients who would otherwise suffer pain because of their ailments, then the practices would be morally defensibl e. This also depends on whether there were approved alternatives to the drugs. If there were proper alternatives within reach of the patient and the only factor that guided their buying decision was the marketing efforts of GlaxoSmithKline, then the practices are not morally defensible. Ethical Acceptability of GlaxoSmithKline’s Decision to Retain Data on Diabetes Drugs There are requirements in law that a drug manufacturing company should release research data to support the safety of the drugs it seeks to sell (BBC). Failure to provide the data and making unverified claims about the safety of the drugs is illegal. The first ethical question that arises is whether it is acceptable for a company dealing with drugs to flout laws. The reason why drug laws exist is to protect the lives of people who take drugs. This makes obeying the law a moral imperative. Therefore, the failure of the company to release the data for whatever reason brings to question the commitment of the comp any to the safety of the people who consume their drugs. In this sense, it is not morally acceptable to refuse to release data that regulators can use to verify the safety of drugs. It can lead to harm. Moral Difference between Hiding Information and Making Active False Claims The moral difference between failure to provide information and making false claims depends on the reasons for failing to provide the information (Rogers and Braunack-Mayer 14). If the failure is for a good reason such as the need to protect a business secret, or because of internal doubts regarding the accuracy of the available information, then there is a moral difference. This is only true if no subsequent action takes place. However, if the information hidden clearly shows potential for harm, then there is no moral difference between hiding the information, and making false claims. In both cases, the consumer faces harm.Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your fi rst paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moral Obligation of Large Food and Beverage Companies Large food and beverage companies have a moral obligation to consider the consequences that their products have on people. The documentary clearly links obesity to the increasing availability of junk food and soft drinks (Altman and Leitch). The case of Mexico is the most telling, where Coca-cola drinks formed part of the school feeding programs (Altman and Leitch). There was evidence of collusion between school heads and the soft drink marketers to sell only one brand of soft drinks in the schools. India and China have an increasing number of obese people because of the influx of junk food and fizzy drinks in the last fifteen years (Altman and Leitch). The documentary points out correctly that the food companies are not social service organizations. Rather, they are in business. The more people eat, the better their business performs. Most food and soft drink manufacturers are reporting increasing profits from the developing world. There is a strong moral imperative for them to step back, and reexamine their businesses models. The harm that their products are causing to humanity is not morally acceptable (Wolf 48). Moral Issues Relating To Food and Beverage Marketing Techniques The marketing techniques are all morally problematic because the consistent consumption of these products leads to obesity. Obesity is the precursor of diabetes and heart disease. Morally speaking, the companies take advantage of unsuspecting people. For instance, the companies sell the same junk food as a healthy source of nutrition because they have fortified the junk food with micronutrients (Altman and Leitch). While this improves the overall nutritional value of the junk food, the consumers wrongly believe that the junk food can replace the natural sources of the same nutrients. The second moral problem with this issue is selling the junk food to poorly informed people or to defenseles s children. It is tantamount to making profits without regard to the damage the food inflicts on people in the long term. Comparison of Responses in the Two Cases The moral standards applied to the pharmaceutical companies were similar to the standards applied to the food and beverage companies with one important exception. In the case of GlaxoSmithKline, there was some leeway given because of the assumption that drugs are a vital component of healthcare. There are situations where even if GlaxoSmithKline broke the law, its actions could be morally defensible. The food and beverage companies cannot enjoy this exemption because their products are not fundamental to the well being of humanity. No universal harm will materialize if these companies close down.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Reasoning Exercise specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Altman, Vivien and Marianne Leitch. â€Å"Globesity â⠂¬â€œ Fat’s New Frontier.† 24 July 2012. ABC News: Foreign Correspondent. Web. https://www.abc.net.au/foreign/globesity-sizzler/4144562. BBC. â€Å"GlaxoSmithKline to Pay $3bn in US Drug Fraud Scandal.† 2 July 2012. BBC News: US and Canada. Web. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-18673220. Rogers, Wendy A and Annette J Braunack-Mayer. Practical Ethics for General Practice. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. Print. Wolf, Martin. â€Å"The Morality of the Market.† Foreign Policy (2003): 47-50. Print This essay on Moral Reasoning Exercise was written and submitted by user Derrick Price to help you with your own studies. 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